泌尿系统urinary system
泌尿生殖系统的解剖
促红细胞生成素epo,erythropoietin
肾素
rennin
羟胆钙化醇
1，25-hydroxycholecalciferol
第一节肾
一、
肾的形态
肾kidney
内侧缘medial border
肾门renal hilum
肾蒂renal pedicle
肾窦renal sinus
二、
肾的位置与毗邻
肾区renal region
三、
肾的被膜
肌织膜 muscular tunica
纤维囊fibrous capsule
脂肪囊fatty renal capsule
肾筋膜renal fascia
肾前筋膜prerenal fascia
肾后2筋膜retrorenal fascia
肾下垂nephroptosis
四、
肾的结构
肾皮质renal cortex
肾髓质renal medulla
肾小体renal corpuscles
肾小管renal tubulus
肾锥体renal pyramid
肾乳头renal papillae
肾小盏minor renal calices
乳头孔papillary foramina
肾柱renal column
肾大盏major renal calices
肾盂renal pelvis
五、
肾段血管与肾段
睾丸动脉testicular artery
肾上腺中动脉middle suprarenal artery
肾上腺动脉suprarenal artery
肾上腺静脉suprarenal vein
肾静脉renal vein
肾动脉renal artery
肾段动脉segmental artery
肾段renal segment
泛血管带zone devoid of vessel
六、
肾的畸形与异常
马蹄肾
多囊肾polycystic kidney
双肾盂及双输尿管
单肾
低位肾
七、
肾移植的解剖学基础
Murray(1956年)
第二节、输尿管ureter
输尿管腹部abdominal part of the ureter
输尿管盆部pelvic part of the ureter
输尿管壁内部intramural part of the ureter
输尿管全程3处狭窄：
上狭窄superior stricture
中狭窄middle stricture
下狭窄inferior stricture
第三节、膀胱urinary bladder
膀胱的形态：
膀胱尖apex of bladder
脐正中韧带median umbilical ligament
膀胱底fundus of bladder
膀胱体body of bladder
膀胱颈neck of bladder
前列腺底base of prostate gland(male男性)
盆膈pelvic diaphragm(female女性)
膀胱的内面结构
膀胱襞vesical plica
输尿管口ureteric orifice
尿道内口internal urethral orifice
输尿管间襞interureteric fold
膀胱三角trigone of bladder
膀胱垂vesical uvula
膀胱的位置和毗邻urinary incontinence
膀胱前隙prevesical space
耻骨前列腺韧带pubicoprostatic ligament
静脉丛venous plexus
直肠膀胱筋膜rectovesical fascia
盆腔pelvic cavity
膀胱脱垂cystoptosis
尿失禁urinary incontinence
第四节、尿道
女性尿道female urethra
尿道内口internal urethral orifice
尿道外口external urethral orifice
尿道旁腺skeins gland
生殖系统reproductive system
第一节、男性内生殖器
一、睾丸testis
白膜 tunica albuginea
睾丸纵膈mediastinum testis
睾丸小隔septula testis
睾丸小叶lobules of testis
精曲小管contorted seminiferous tubules
精直小管straight seminiferous
输出小管efferent ductules of testis
二、
附睾epididymis
三、
输精管和射精管
输精管ductus deferens
输精管壶腹ampulla ductus deferentis
精索spermatic cord
射精管ejaculatory duct
四、
精囊seminal vesicle
五、
前列腺prostate
六、
尿道球腺bulbourethral gland
七、
精液spermatic fluid
第二节、男性外生殖器
一、
阴囊scrotum
肉膜dartos coat
阴囊中隔septum of scrotum
睾丸鞘膜tunica vaginalis of testis
精索外筋膜external spermatic fascia
提睾肌cremaster
精索内筋膜internal spermatic fascia
睾丸鞘膜
鞘膜腔vaginal cavity
二、
阴茎penis
阴茎头glans penis
尿道外口external orifice of urethra
阴茎海绵体cavernous body of penis
尿道海绵体cavernous body of urethra
尿道球bulb of urethra
阴茎包皮prepuce of penis
包皮系带frenulum of prepuce
阴茎悬韧带suspensory ligament of penis
男性尿道male urethra
前列腺部prostatic part
尿道嵴 urethral crest
精阜seminal colliculus
前列腺小囊prostatic utricle
膜部membranous part
海绵体部cavernous part
尿道舟状窝navicular fossa of urethra
第二节、女性内生殖器
卵巢ovary卵巢门hilum of ovary
卵巢的固定装置
卵巢悬韧带suspensory ligament of ovary
卵巢固有韧带proper ligament of ovary
输卵管uterine tube
输卵管子宫口uterine orifice of uterine tube
输卵管腹腔口abdominal orifice of uterine tube
输卵管峡isthmus of uterine tube
输卵管壶腹ampulla of uterine tube
输卵管漏斗infundibulum of uterine tube
输卵管伞fimbriae of uterine tube
卵巢伞ovarian fimbria
子宫uterus
子宫形态
子宫底fundus of uterus
子宫颈neck of uterus
子宫阴道部vaginal part of cervix
子宫阴道上部supravaginal part of cervix
子宫体body of uterus
子宫角horn of uterus
子宫峡isthmus of uterus
子宫腔cavity of uterus
子宫颈管canal of cervix of uterus
子宫口orifice of uterus
子宫位置
膀胱子宫陷凹vesicouterine pouch
直肠子宫陷凹rectouterine pouch
子宫固定装置
子宫阔韧带broad ligament of uterus
子宫圆韧带round ligament of uterus
子宫主韧带cardinal ligament of uterus
子宫骶韧带uterosacral ligament
直肠子宫襞rectouterine fold
阴道vagina
阴道口vaginal orifice
处女膜hymen
阴道穹fornix of vagina
前庭大腺greater vestibular gland(bartholin腺)
会阴perineum
尿生殖区urogenital region
肛区anal region
肛提肌levator ani
尾骨肌coccygeus
肛门外括约肌sphincter ani externus
尿生殖三角的肌
浅层肌
会阴浅横肌superficial transverse muscle of perineum
球海绵体肌bulbocavernosus
会阴中心腱(会阴体)perineal central tendon(perineal body)
坐骨海绵体肌ischiocavernosus
深层肌
会阴深横肌deep transverse muscle of perineum
尿道括约肌sphincter of urethra
尿道阴道括约肌urethrovaginal sphincter
会阴筋膜
坐骨肛门窝ischioanal fossa
会阴浅筋膜(colles筋膜)superficial fascia of perineum
盆膈下筋膜inferior fascia of pelvic diaphragm
盆膈上筋膜superior fascia of pelvic diaphragm
盆膈pelvic diaphragm
尿生殖膈下筋膜inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm
尿生殖膈上筋膜superior fascia of urogenital diaphragm
会阴浅隙superficial perineal space
会阴深隙deep perineal space
